172 lines
6.5 KiB
HTML
172 lines
6.5 KiB
HTML
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<html>
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<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style1.css">
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<title>XT/AT/PS2/Terminal to USB Converter with NKRO - Hardware</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="headermenu.js"></script>
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<script type="text/javascript">navtabfn("Hardware")</script>
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<noscript><div id=jswarn class=\"navtabs\">These docs work best with Javascript enabled!</div></noscript>
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<h2>Hardware</h2>
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<hr>
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<div id="contentslist">
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#parts">Parts List</a></li>
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<li><a href="#wiring">Wiring Info</a></li>
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<li><a href="#connectors">Connectors</a></li>
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<li><a href="#pullups">Pull-up resistors</a></li>
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<li><a href="#leds">LEDs</a></li>
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<li><a href="#aux_inputs">Auxiliary Key Inputs</a> <span class="versioninfo">v1.1+</span></li>
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<li><a href="#conn_summary">Connection Summary for Teensy</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<h3><a name="parts">Parts List</a></h3>
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<hr>
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<p>Essential items:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Teensy, or similar AVR breakout board
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<li>Connector to suit your keyboard
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<li>Some wire
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</ul>
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<p>Optional items, as desired:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>3x LEDs
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<li>3x Resistors for LEDs (value depends on the LEDs)
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<li>2x 1k Resistors (for pull-ups)
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<li>Box (optional, but recommended!)
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</ul>
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<p>You could, of course, mount the Teensy inside your keyboard and not even need a connector or a box!</p>
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<p>See the <a href=firmware.html>firmware</a> section for details of supported AVR processors and breakout boards.</p>
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<h3><a name="wiring">Wiring Info</a></h3>
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<hr>
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<p><table>
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<tr><th>Connector</th><th>Breakout board</th></tr>
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<tr><td>GND</td><td>GND</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Vcc/+5V</td><td>VCC</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Data</td><td>PD0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Clock</td><td>PD1</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Keyboard Reset <span class="versioninfo">v1.1+</span></td><td>PB7</td></tr>
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</table></p>
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<p>See PJRC for <a href="http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/pinout.html">Teensy pinouts</a>, or the documentation that came with your chosen breakout board.</p>
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<p>'Keyboard Reset' is only required for certain PC/XT-like keyboards, such as the Leading Edge DC-2014.</p>
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<h3><a name="connectors">Connectors</a></h3>
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<hr>
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<p>I wired mine to a PS/2 socket, and then use adapters to connect the others.</p>
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<p><a href="http://www.kbdbabel.org">kbdbabel</a> has masses of <a href="http://www.kbdbabel.org/conn/index.html">connector info</a>.
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So much, that it can be hard to find the one you want!</p>
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<p>So I've included the most common connectors used with this converter here.</p>
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<p>Note that all the connectors are shown looking into the socket.<br><br></p>
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<p><b>PC/XT</b> keyboards use a 5 pin, 180 degree, DIN connector. It is the same as the AT connector shown later, except
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that pin 3 is defined as a reset signal...</p>
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<p><img src="images/IBM_PC_keyboard_connector_180.png"/><br>
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<i>(from the IBM PC Technical Reference Manual, with correction!)</i><br><br></p>
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<p><b>Terminal</b> keyboards usually have a 5 pin, 270 degree, DIN connector...<br>
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<img src="images/kbd_connector_ibm3179_318x_319x.png"/></p>
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<p>...or sometimes this 8P5C connector...<br>
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<img src="images/kbd_connector_ibmterm.png"/></p>
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<p><b>PC</b>, <b>XT</b> and <b>AT</b> keyboards use the same 5 pin, 180 degree, DIN connector and pinout,
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while PS/2 keyboards use a 6 pin mini-DIN connector...<br>
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<img src="images/kbd_connector_ps2.png"/></p>
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<h3><a name="pullups">Pull-up resistors</a></h3>
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<hr>
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<p>In nearly all cases, these resistors are not needed.</p>
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<p>But, if the keyboard has a very long cable (3m+), I recommend adding two pull-up resistors of 1Kohm -
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one between Clock and +5V, the other between Data and +5V.
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These can really help to clean up a dirty signal
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(see <a href="http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=14290.msg296052#msg296052">here</a>).</p>
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<h3><a name="leds">LEDs</a></h3>
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<hr>
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<p>Optionally, lock LEDs can be wired up. Useful if your keyboard doesn't have them!<br>
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The outputs are active high (each pin puts out +5V when it wants to light the LED).<br>
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A resistor is needed inline with each LED. (The value needed depends on the type of LED,
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1Kohm is a good starting point for modern high-brightness types).</p>
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<p>Here's an example circuit for hooking up an LED, taken from
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<a href="http://www.ladyada.net/learn/arduino/lesson3.html">ladyada.net</a>:<br>
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<img src="images/LED_circuit.jpg"/><br>
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They also have a more <a href="http://www.ladyada.net/learn/arduino/LEDs.html">in-depth tutorial</a>.</p>
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<br>
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<p>The pins used differ between CPUs.</p>
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<p>ATMEGA32U4 (Teensy 2.0) and ATMEGA16U4:</p>
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<table>
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<tr><th>LED</th><th>CPU Pin</th></tr>
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<tr><td>CapsLock</td><td>PF5</td></tr>
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<tr><td>NumLock</td><td>PF6</td></tr>
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<tr><td>ScrollLock</td><td>PF7</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>AT90USB1286 (Teensy++ 2.0) and AT90USB646:</p>
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<table>
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<tr><th>LED</th><th>CPU Pin</th></tr>
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<tr><td>CapsLock</td><td>PD3</td></tr>
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<tr><td>NumLock</td><td>PD4</td></tr>
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<tr><td>ScrollLock</td><td>PD5</td></tr>
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</table>
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<h3><a name="aux_inputs">Auxiliary Key Inputs</a> <span class="versioninfo">v1.1+</span></h3>
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<hr>
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<p>Five inputs are provided for auxiliary keys, buttons, or footswitches, which generate codes that can be remapped in your config:</p>
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<table>
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<tr><th>Auxiliary Key</th><th>Code</th><th>CPU Pin</th></tr>
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<tr><td>1</td><td>AUX1</td><td>PB0</td></tr>
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<tr><td>2</td><td>AUX2</td><td>PB1</td></tr>
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<tr><td>3</td><td>AUX3</td><td>PB2</td></tr>
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<tr><td>4</td><td>AUX4</td><td>PB3</td></tr>
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<tr><td>5</td><td>AUX5</td><td>PB4</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>Inputs cause key presses when grounded, so you can simply connect the switch between the pin and ground:</p>
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<p><img src="images/aux_switch.png"></p>
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<p>Inputs have the internal pull-up enabled, so an external resistor won't be required in most cases. But
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it might be necessary to use one, for example with footswitches where the wires are long. Here's how
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you would wire one up:<p>
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<p><img src="images/aux_switch_with_pullup.png"></p>
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<h3><a name="conn_summary">Connection Summary for Teensy</a></h3>
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<hr>
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<p>The GND and Vcc pins at the end of the Teensy can be used instead of the marked GND and Vcc, if you prefer.
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Or you might choose to wire the connector to one GND and the LEDs using the other.</p>
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<p>Of course, not all connections are required! The minimum, and still fairly typical, setup would be to connect
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just Ground, +5V, Data and Clock to the connector (or keyboard).</p>
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<h4>Teensy 2.0</h4>
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<p><img src="images/connections_teensy2.png"></p
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<h4>Teensy++ 2.0</h4>
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<p><img src="images/connections_teensy++2.png"></p>
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<hr>
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</body></html>
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